dynamo starter

dynamo starter

Dinamo starter adalah penggerak utama utk menyalakan mesin mobil. Alat ini sebagai pemutar mesin pertama kali. Dinamo starter, adalah mesin listrik (pembangkit tenaga listrik)  pengubah  energi kinetik menjadi tenaga listrik. Bila dinamo menghasilkan arus bolak-balik (AC), dinamakan alternator.  Didalam dynamo, ada kumparan yg  berada di ruangan bermedan magnet homogeny. Jika kumparan berputar, maka fluks magnet yang menembus kumparan itu selalu berubah-ubah setiap saat. Menurut hukum Faraday , hal ini mengakibatkan timbulnya arus listrik yg disebut arus imbas (induksi) arus bolak-balik (AC). Jika dilihat dengan osiloskop, grafik arus listrik ini berupa fungsi sinusoida.

Cara kerja stater secara umum:

Bagan I

Pada dinamo (motor) starter terdapat 3 terminal, yaitu,

1.    terminal 50,

2.    terminal 30 dan

3.    terminal C.

Terminal 50 mendapatkan suplai  dari  baterai (aki) pada saat kita memutar kunci kontak pada posisi starter. Kemudian, suplai  listrik tersebut  akan mengerakkan / mengaktifkan solenoid.

Selanjutnya  solenoid   menghubungkan kontak point/switch antara terminal 30 (yang langsung mendapatkan suplai arus (+) dari baterai) dengan terminal C.Sehingga suplai  arus (+) dari baterai terhubung ke terminal C.

Dan  terminal C mendapatkan suplai arus  (+), lalu suplai positif tsb segera menggerakan/ memutarkan motor starter. Putaran motor starter ini  otomatis  memutarkan mesin melalui fly wheel, yang memungkinkan komponen  mesin dapat berputar hidup.

Semoga bermanfaat :)
Sumber : wikipedia dll

Wasalammualaikum Wr.Wb

How To Wash Your Vehicle Cover

Cars are used by many people for transportation. It is important that you take care of your automobile. One way to protect your car's exterior is by covering it when it is not in use. This safeguards it from extreme weather, dirt, sun rays and other things.

There are many different covers in the market. You should make a choice depending on the conditions that your vehicle is exposed to. After covers are exposed to dust and other pollutants, they are bound to get dirty. To make sure that they have a good appearance and they last long, you should clean them every once in a while.

Washing covers can be difficult. It depends on the size and type of material. There are several tips that one should follow when washing covers. It is important that you use the right soap when doing the cleaning. Use a mild detergent as well as a soft and clean cloth during the process. You can also use an all purpose cleaner.

You should scrub the materials using a circular motion. This will remove all the grime as well as the stains on it. If possible you should use your hands to do the washing. This works well especially for materials that are thin and flimsy.

Any dirt that remains after scrubbing should be washed by wiping using a soft and clean cloth. It is advisable to rinse the material with water each time you wipe. Ensure that you have enough clean water in a large container that you can dip the whole cover in. You can use special detergents to remove stubborn stains.

Covers that are very large and heavy can be washed using a large washing machine. The detergent used should also be mild. The machine should be set to normal for the heavy materials. For thin and flimsy ones, you should ensure the machine is set to make wash cycles that are gentle. After you are done with the clean up you should find a strong clothesline to hang the materials.

Avoid using a dryer because it can damage most covers. Some will melt if they are taken through a drying cycle. While the material is drying, make sure that you flip it over several times. This will ensure that all the areas dry up properly. After it is well dried you can fold a car cover and keep it in a safe place.

Article Source: EzineArticles.com

Tips On Washing The Cover Of Your Vehicle

Many people depend on automobiles for their long distance movement. If you want your vehicle to maintain its shine, you should protect it from scratches and dents as well as dirt. To do this a cover comes in handy. It serves to protect the car from dust, bad weather, tree sap, harmful UV rays and other environmental factors.

Covers are made from different materials. You should ensure that you choose one that protects your vehicle from elements effectively. There are different materials for conditions such as snow, sunlight and rain. Some are designed for vehicles that are stored indoors. It is expected for the covers to get dirty after use for some time. If you want to keep them looking good you must wash them regularly.

It is not very easy to clean dirt off the covers. The difficulty depends on the kind of material as well as the size. Car owners should know how to clean the materials that they use to cover their vehicles. One of the tricks of doing the job well is using the right soap. It is advisable to avoid strong detergents that can wear out the covers.

You should use an all-purpose cleaner or a detergent that is mild. A soft and clean cloth comes in handy when doing the cleaning. Circular motion works well when scrubbing off the dirt from the materials. It is recommendable to use hands to wash vehicle covers especially if they are flimsy and thin.

You should use clean water to rinse the material every time you wipe some dirt off it. You can also submerge it in a big container with water in it. To remove stubborn stains you can use bleach or strong detergents. Use a soft cloth to remove them and rinse with enough water.

You can also use big washing machines to wash heavy and large covers. Use a mild detergent and set the settings to normal. If you decide to wash thin materials ensure that you lower the settings so that the machine does gentle cycles while washing. Hang the materials on a laundry line after they are clean. Flip them several times to dry properly.

You should not use a dryer because it damages covers. The drying cycle melts some materials. After a car cover is dry enough you should remove it from the lines to avoid accumulation of dust. You can store it well until the next time you use it.

Article Source: EzineArticles.com

Top 4 EV Cars in the US Auto Industry

While the world plunges into the darkness of economic downfall, and gasoline prices hike up, the electric cars are out and the global auto industry is not shaken by the effects of financial crises. Although the US car industry has suffered a lot and the gradual decrease in the overall sales of the auto vehicles has alarmed many companies, the innovative idea of EV's has revolutionized the business arenas too. As the holiday season arrives, most of the people have been able to book cars through auto transport companies and ship them to their loved ones as gifts. The percentage of EV's buying has risen in this regard and so has the use of such cars too.

The electric cars sold at the highest levels by different companies are as follows. They invite people to use the less disadvantageous cars and manage the cost of driving and vehicle usage too.

1. With gas prices going towards 4$ per gallon and more, you need a car that carries you farthest with the lowest consumption of electricity and gas. This calls for a buyer to go for the Toyota Prius. The car falls under the category of cost fewer than 30 thousand dollars. It has the best fuel economy rating and plenty of space inside for many passengers. The fuel economy is regarded as 51 inside city/48 highway mpg. The rear seat legroom is something you can sue for luggage and extra people hiking in for a drive.
2. Next in line with Prius is the Ford Fusion. It is quite spacious, and is very luxury to sit in from the interior point of view. The mileage it does inside the city is 41 VS on highway with 36 mpg. It also is coming in with the high tech voice activated control system. It has a dual zone climate controller and a reverse car-parking assistant too.
3. In a little more than 30000 dollars, comes the Nissan Leaf. Now it is the most affordable yet the luxury-est of all cars in comparison to the first GM EV1. It has a cruising range of almost 106 miles inside the city, and on the highway on longer routes, it does around 92 miles. The car can accommodate 5 passengers easily. It has a low gravity technology so it is lighter to handle and easy to navigate as well.
4. Next comes the Chevrolet Volt. It is a good purchasing if you want to reduce your gasoline bill. It also reduces the carbon footprint and is easy to drive. This car gives an all-electric driving range of almost 40 miles with convergence to 4-cylinder power engine. In this mode, it has the ability to acquire strong torque for energy usage. Although it is pricy than the above three cars and requires a US federal tax payment of $7,500, it is an impressive design and image of GM's commitment towards car making.

Thus, any car you buy requires initial heavy investment. However, in the long term it is just cost saving and low maintenance profiling in car buying.

Article Source : EzineArticles.com

Alternator (dinamo Jalan)

Alternato (Dinamo Jalan)

Alternator berfungsi untuk mengubah energi mekanis yang didapatkan dari mesin tenaga listrik, menghasilkan arus bolak-balik, alternator memsuplai kebutuhan listrik pada mobil sewaktu mesin hidup. Tetapi apabila jumlah pemakaian listrik lebih besar daripada yang dihasilkan alternator, maka baterai lkut memikul beban kelistrikan tersebut.

Komponen alternator sebagai berikut :

• Rear end Frame berfungsi dari rear frame adalah sebagai kerangka luar yang memegang bagian-bagian dalam alternator, selain iotu juga mempunyai saluran udara untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pendinginan.
• Pully berfungsi meneruskan putaran mesin ke alternator membuat perbandingan putaran antara putaran mesin dan alternator
• Bearing setiap kecepatan putaran dari rotor tidaklah stabil, dengan adanya perubahan kecepatan membuat putaran rotor menjadi kasar.Fungsi bearing dalam hal ini untuk memperhalus putaran rotor sehingga rotor lebih tahan lama digunakan.
• IC Regulator berfungsi mengatur besar arus listrik yang masuk ke dalam kumparan rotor, sehingga tegangan yang dihasilkan oleh alternator tetap (konstan) sesuai dengan harga yang telah ditentukan, walaupun putaran mesin yang menggerakkan berubah-ubah. Di samping itu regulator juga berfungsi pengisian pada baterai apabila baterai telah penuh dan alternator sudah dapat menyuplai arus listrik sendiri ke bagian yang memerlukan arus listrik.Kelebihan regulator tipe IC Rentang tegangan outputnya lebih sempit dan variasi tegangan outputnya dalam waktu singkat.Tahan terhadap getaran dan dapat digunakan dalam waktu lama karena tidak banyak bagian-bagian yang bergerak.Kerena tegangan outputnya rendah suhunya naik, pengisian baterai dapat dilakukan dengan baik.Kekurangan dari regulator tipe IC Mudah terpengaruh oleh tegangan dan suhu tidak wajar.
• Sikat Arang dan Rumah Sikat berfungsi mengalirkan arus ke kumparan rotor melalui slip ring. Rumah sikat / Brush holder berfungsi sebagai tempat sikat arang.
• Dioda/Rectifier berfungsi untuk menyearahkan arus listrik. Didalam alternator terdapat 2 buah rectifier, yaitu rectifier negative dan rectifier positif. Rectifier positif ditandai dengan adannya terminal B pada alternator. Terminal B pada alternator biasannya berupa baut yang dibuat lebih panjang dan atau lebih besar.
• Rotor merupakan bagian yang berputar di dalam alternator, pada rotor terdapat kumparan rotor (rotor coil) yang berfungsi untuk membangkitkan kemagnetan Kuku-kuku yang terdapat pada rotor berfungsi sebagai kutub-kutub magnet, dua slip ring yang terdapat pada alternator berfungsi sebagai penyalur listrik kekumparan rotor.

RANGKAIAN SISTEM PENGISISAN

“B” adalah kabel output alternator yang mensuplai langsung ke aki.

“IG” adalah indikator kontak yang ada dialternator.

“S” digunakan oleh regulator untuk mengatur strum pengisian ke aki.

“L” adalah kabel yang digunakan oleh regulator untuk indikator lampu ( CHG ).

Perawatan Alternator

             Tidak ada hal khusus untuk merawat alternator, tapi apabila ada kerusakan dapat dideteksi secara dini melalui konsol dashboard yang terdapat gambar aki, apabila berkedip-kedip berarti tidak ada pengisian ke aki dan bisa jadi terdapat kerusakan pada alternator selain dari aki-nya. Aki sendiri berhubungan langsung dengan dinamo starter. Selain itu juga, jangan menambah beban listrik yang berlebihan pada kendaraan, karena dapat memperpendek umur dari alternator ataupun umur dari aki. 

Karena terdiri dari bermacam-macam komponen, maka apabila ada kerusakan pada salah satu komponennya masih bisa diperbaiki (rekondisi). “pengerjaan kerusakandari alternator bisa mencapai 3-5 jam tergantung dari tingkat kesulitan kerusakan dari alternator” ungkap Atek, komandan dari Galeri Alternator yang terletak dibilangan H. Nawi, Jakarta Selatan ini.

Dengan sistem rekondisi, Atek dapat memperbaiki alternator tersebut asalkan dengan kondisi kerusakan yang kurang dari 50% atau tidak terlalu parah. Apabila kondisi kerusakan lebih dari 50%, lebih baik diganti dengan model baru. Untuk kisaran harga rekondisi di galeri Alternator sendiri harga dipatok mulai dari ratusan ribu hingga jutaan rupiah, semua tergantung dari kondisi si alternator itu sendiri.

Sumber diambil dari berbagai sumber yang telah ada

semoga bermanfaat :)

Wassalammualaikum Wr.Wb

Tips for Selling Your Used Car for Top Dollar

Over the next six months, gas prices in the United States are expected to rise to over five dollars per gallon, setting a new record for the cost of gas and making it more difficult for the average commuter to even afford to get to work. Because of these anticipated rises in gas prices, older used vehicles are now increasing in demand, because people want cars that can get more miles to the gallon.

Used cars are selling for rates that are well over blue book value, and not just in private sales. Even dealers are getting in on the action and paying out more for trade in value of used cars than they have in years. 

If you are sitting on a used vehicle that you want to sell, you could be sitting on a gold mine! 

Before you jump up and list your car for sale on craigslist, follow some of these tips to make sure that you get the very top dollar for your used vehicle. 

Check out the blue book value of your vehicle. This can easily be done online. Simply have the information about the make, model, and year of your vehicle and find an online blue book estimator. Be honest about the condition of your vehicle when you plug the stats into the estimator to get the most accurate value of your vehicle. 

Once you know how much your vehicle is valued at by the blue book standard, look online for vehicles that are similar to yours and see what they are selling for in your area. Consider contacting dealerships and see what they are selling your year, make, and model of vehicle for, and also what they are paying out for your year, make, and model. 

Keep your maintenance current. The better you take care of your vehicle, the more likely that you will get a good amount of money for it on trade in. A routine oil change can potentially add thousands of dollars to the value of your car over time. 

Fix the little things before you put it on the market. If your AC doesn�t work, fix it! If your windshield is cracked, replace it! If the tires are bad, change them! If you have body damage, find a Utah auto body shop and spruce it up! If the interior is dirty, clean it! If the cassette player doesn�t work�..well, upgrade to a CD player!

by: Espen Smith. http://www.shinecollision.com

CARA MEMBERSIHKAN RADIATOR MOBIL

terkadang kita sering melupakan hal sepele terhadap perwatan mobil kesayangan anda, saya coba untuk mengingatkan kembali brader sekalian tentang membersihkan radiator mobil kesayangan kita, jangan sampai mobil kesayangan kita overheat ( Kepanasan ). Jangan biarkan hal tersebut mengganggu aktifitas kita, namun jika kita sering melakukan perawatan berkala terhadap mesin pending/ radiator, kejadian ini dapat kita hindari. Lakukanlah langkah - langkah sebagai berikut :

• Hidupkan mesin kendaraan kira-kira 2-3 menit supaya air bersirkulasi sehingga kotoran yang ada   larut.
• Siapkan Kain lap kemudian Buka tutup atas radiator secara perlahan dan buka baut kuras di bawah radiator sehingga air keluar semua.
• Kemudian tutup kembali baut kuras di bawah jika air dirasa sudah keluar semua dan isi radiator dengan air bersih hingga penuh.
• Hidupkan mesin kembaili, jika muka air turun silakan tambah air lagi hingga penuh sembari memainkan gas untuk mendorong water pump bekerja. 
• Buka baut kuras di bawah radiator suapaya air terbuang keluar sampai habis, kemudian tutup kembali baut kuras
• Buka ujung selang dari mesin yang nempel di kepala radiator (bagian atas)
• Kemudian siapkan selang yang terhubung langsung dari kran air. Alirkan air ke radiator hingga penuh luber melalui mulut radiator.
• Biarkan kran air terus mengalir dan hidupkan mesin.
• Air akan mengalir keluar dari dalam rongga mesin melalui ujung selang atas yang dicopot dari kepala radiator. Ini fungsinya supaya kotoran2 di dalam mesin terbawa keluar.
• Hidupkan mesin selama 10 menit terus sambil digas-gas. Kran air harus selalu mengalir.
• Matikan mesin dan buka baut kuras di bawah.
• Tutup baut kuras dan pasang lagi ujung selang ke kepala radiator.
• Isi radiator dengan Coolant yang berkualitas baik sampai penuh. lalu hidupkan mesin. Jika air turun harus ditambah terus sampai muka air benar-benar nggak turun lagi. 
• Pasang lagi Tutup Radiator
• Radiator mobil anda dijamin bersin dan segar. Untuk MOBIL BENSIN dan DIESEL, prosedurnya sama saja.

Selanjutnya, pastikan terlebih dahulu volume air radiator selalu cukup sebelum Kendaraan dipakai dan Jika anda malas untuk melakukan saran yang di atas sebaiknya lakukan di bengkel favorit anda jika sedang tune up selamat mencoba dan semoga bermanfaat

Wassallamu'allaikum WrWb.